Measurementdeviceindependent quantum communication without encryption article in science bulletin 6320 september 2018 with 23 reads how we measure reads. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution with. In theory, quantum key distribution qkd provides informationtheoretic security based on the laws of physics. The field of quantum information was born out of a sequence of surprising discoveries in the 1980s, all building on the same deep insight. No matter if you are a researcher, a student or a fan of quantum theory, this is the place you are going to find useful and enjoyable. Measurement device independent quantum cryptography in theory, quantum key distribution qkd provides informationtheoretic security based on the laws of physics. X hoikwong lo 1, marcos curty 2, and bing qi 1 1 center for quantum information and quantum control, dept. A significant step in this direction has been the introduction of measurementdevice independence, where the secret key between two parties is established by. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography abstract. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum communication. As a countermeasure to quantum hacking, recently there has been a lot of theoretical and experimental interest in measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd, an idea proposed by me, marcos curty and bing qi in 2012. Electronics free fulltext quantification of the impact.
Modeling and studying measurement device independent quantum. Apr 05, 2016 as a response to attacks on the detectors, researchers developed a new quantum cryptography protocol known as measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd. Air force institute of technology, wrightpatterson afb, oh usa 45433. Practical aspects of measurement device independent quantum key distribution feihu xu, marcos curty, bing qi et al. We extend the field of continuousvariable quantum cryptography to a network formulation where. Meanwhile, we employ the decoystate method to defeat attacks on nonideal source. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum digital signatures. Full text of measurementdeviceindependent quantum key.
Welcome to quantiki, the worlds leading social portal for everyone involved in quantum information science. Among the most studied tasks in quantum cryptography one can find bit commitment bc and oblivious transfer ot, two central cryptographic primitives. We demonstrate that, with a fair comparison, the secret key rate of discretevariable measurement device independent quantum key distribution dvmdiqkd with highefficiency singlephoton detectors and good system alignment is typically rather high and thus highly suitable for not only long distance communication but also metropolitan networks. Measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd protocol has been demonstrated as a viable solution to detector sidechannel attacks. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution over. It cannot be breached by anyone without getting noticed by the sender or the receiver of the message. In fact, the detectors in a mdi qkd setup can even be assumed to be in eves possession. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution for.
Quantum key distribution provides a methodology to verify the integrity and security of a key exchange based on physical laws. Laser technique promises superfast and supersecure. Braunstein,1 seth lloyd,3 tobias gehring,4 christian s. We have over 150 scientists and students doing research into the foundations of quantum physics and the ways quantum physics enables new technologies. May 25, 2015 quantum cryptography achieves a formidable taskthe remote distribution of secret keys by exploiting the fundamental laws of physics. It not only removes all detector side channels, but also doubles the secure distance with conventional lasers.
Measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography tspace. Measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd has received much attention, with the goal of overcoming all of the security loopholes caused by an imperfect detection system. One of the main advantages of mdiqkd is that the security can be proved without making any assumptions about how the measurement device works. Full text of measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution see other formats measurement device independent quantum key distribution n o oo n f on o. To fill this gap, a novel approach, called measurementdeviceindependent qkd mdiqkd, has been proposed. Measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd is a twophoton protocol devised to eliminate eavesdropping attacks that interrogate or control the detector in realized quantum key distribution systems. Quantum cryptography for internet of things security. Detectordeviceindependent quantum key distribution. Modern communication strives towards provably secure systems which can be widely deployed. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography nasaads. Quantum hacking in the age of measurement device independent quantum cryptography by anqi huang a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in ful llment of the thesis requirement for the degree of doctor of philosophy in electrical and computer engineering quantum information waterloo, ontario, canada, 2018 c anqi huang 2018. In mdiqkd, all security loopholes, including those yettobe discovered, have been removed from the detectors, the most critical part in qkd. Thus the security analysis of such a protocol needs to consider scenarios of imperfect or even malicious devices. However, physical systems often fall short of theoretical models, meaning they can be compromised through uncharacterized sidechannels.
Security of continuousvariable measurementdeviceindependent. Experimental measurementdeviceindependent quantum digital. Sep 07, 2011 how to remove detector side channel attacks has been a notoriously hard problem in quantum cryptography. Nov 11, 2019 measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd is proposed to close all possible side channel detector attacks. Highrate measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography by. Andersen 1department of computer science, university of york, york yo10 5gh, united kingdom 2department of physics, university of. This was a problem of central interest in quantum cryptography. Here, based on polarization scrambling units, we demonstrate a referenceframe independent mdi qkd scheme. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography ieee. Motivated by the idea of measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd, we present a measurement device independent qds mdiqds scheme, which is secure against all detector sidechannel attacks. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography arxiv.
Focus on device independent quantum information new journal. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution coexisting with classical. Sep 17, 2014 in theory, quantum key distribution qkd provides informationtheoretic security based on the laws of physics. We are currently working on installing this encryption software app on phone voice and image. The continuousvariable measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution cvmdiqkd is a promising candidate for the immunity to side. Grant and cryptoworks 21 create programs, the calgary urban alliance, the. Asymmetric protocols for scalable highrate measurementdevice. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution.
Owing to the imperfections of reallife implementations, however, there is a big gap between the theory and practice of qkd, which has been recently exploited by several quantum hacking activities. Measurement device independent qkd mdiqkd turns out to be a promising solution to the security problem of qkd. Entanglement swapping over 100 km optical fiber with independent entangled photonpair sources by yangfan jiang. Highrate measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography s pirandola, c ottaviani, g spedalieri, c weedbrook, sl braunstein. It was also the motivating problem in mayers and yaos paper. Quantum software and quantum network by stephanie wehner. In addition, the recent introduction of measurement device independent mdiqkd 5, 6 further enhances the positive features of qkd. To fill this gap, a novel approach, called measurement device independent qkd mdiqkd. Measurement device independent quantum key distribution.
Here, we propose a simple solution to this problem measurement device independent quantum key distribution. The security of the original proposal relies on the assumption that the legitimate users can characterize their sources exactly, which might not be satisfied in practice. Available for laptops, tablets, servers and mobile phones. By clever use of the teleportation gate 7, mdiqkd turns the receiving side of qkd into a transmitter, thus removing all the security assumptions on the detecting devices, which are arguably most exposed to. Later, some mdiqkd protocols with uncharacterized qubit sources are proposed to remove the. A fast and versatile quantum key distribution system with hardware key distillation and wavelength multiplexing n walenta, a burg, d caselunghe et al. Quantum key distribution qkd is a secure communication method which implements a cryptographic protocol involving components of quantum mechanics.
In this paper we propose for the first time protocols for these tasks in the measurement device independent mdi settings and analyze their security. Long distance measurementdeviceindependent quantum key. The unconditional security of qkd is based on the fundamental laws of quantum physics. We assess the overall performance of our quantum key distribution qkd system. Nov 02, 2016 now, jianwei pan at the university of science and technology of china and his colleagues have experimentally shown that a secure quantum protocol known as measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdiqkd can be implemented over a distance of 404 km. Quantum key distribution qkd enables two legitimate parties to share a secret key even in the presence of an eavesdropper. Measurement device independent quantum key distribution mdi qkd is a promising protocol for removing all detector side channel attacks.
Owing to the imperfections of reallife implementations, however, there is a big gap between the theory and practice of qkd, which has been recently exploited by several quantum. As a response to attacks on the detectors, researchers developed a new quantum cryptography protocol known as measurementdeviceindependent quantum key. Measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution mdiqkd can eliminate detector side channels and prevent all attacks on. Quantum cryptography is now headed towards solving the. This feature issue presents a collection of recent theoretical and experimental developments in the field of quantum key distribution qkd and its extension to other quantum cryptography protocols and devices. The goal of quantum key distribution is for two parties, alice and bob, to share a common secret string through communications over public channels. The centre for quantum technologies was established as a national research centre of excellence in singapore in 2007. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. Laser technique promises superfast and supersecure quantum. Osa measurementdeviceindependent quantum key distribution.
Discrete and continuous variables for measurementdevice. Quantum cryptography is a very interesting field that makes use of the rules of quantum mechanics to develop a cryptosystem that is believed to be the most secure system 8. The continuousvariable measurement device independent quantum key distribution cvmdiqkd is a promising candidate for the immunity to sidechannel attacks, but unfortunately seems to face the. Recent citations bounding the outcome of a twophoton interference measurement. Studying qkd implementation nonidealities quantum key distribution qkd systems generate and. Quantum key distribution qkd quantum key distribution qkd, although often wrongly termed as quantum transmission, is a secure communication approach that uses cryptographic protocol made up of quantum mechanics components ouellette, 2004. However, this could change through software defined networking, which. Measurementdeviceindependent mdi qkd 19,20 protocols close all loopholes on detection at once. Quantum cryptography is now headed towards solving the practical problem of constructing scalable and secure quantum networks. Aug 09, 2016 see also the list of posters with assignments to the tuesday and thursday poster sessions. Modeling and studying measurement device independent quantum key distribution systems. In cvmdiqkd protocols, alice and bob both send their quantum states to.
Quantum hacking in the age of measurementdeviceindependent. A quantum cryptographic protocol is deviceindependent if its security does not rely on trusting that the quantum devices used are truthful. Security analysis of passive measurementdeviceindependent continuousvariable quantum key distribution with almost no public communication xiaodong wu, yijun wang, sha li, wei zhang. Cyphertop quantum encryption software cryptographic system. Highrate measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography stefano pirandola, carlo ottaviani, gaetana spedalieri, christian weedbrook, samuel braunstein, seth lloyd, tobias gehring, christian scheffmann jacobsen and ulrik lund andersen abstract. Measurement device independent quantum cryptography. Original security proofs of qkd are based on a few assumptions, e.
Quantum key distribution qkd provides the communication users with. Nov 16, 2015 discrete and continuous variables for measurement device independent quantum cryptography. Pdf measurementdeviceindependent quantum cryptography. Experimental measurementdeviceindependent quantum key. Oct 20, 2014 although jonathan barrett and his coauthors published 2,3 a strong device independent quantum key distribution diqkd security guarantee in 2005, it focused on a weaker set of constraints than. It encompasses work on a variety of qkd protocols, including continuousvariable, measurement device independent, and twinfield qkd, as well as other newly proposed protocols, in.
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